Greetings from the South Asia Collective! We are a group of human rights activists and organisations from across South Asia. We’ve been working since 2015 to document the condition of the region’s minorities, and to help develop capacity among grassroots-level organisations focused on minority rights and the freedom of religion or belief (FoRB).
This is the sixth edition of our Online Bulletin, where we provide an overview of significant minority-related news developments that have transpired in the region. This edition covers developments since 1st February, 2021. Events till then were covered in previous editions of our Bulletin. We also continue our exploration of how the COVID-19 pandemic has progressed in South Asia, and how it has disproportionately impacted the region’s marginalised minority communities.
We will also report on South Asian nations’ major international obligations, with a focus on minority rights and FoRB, and broader civil and political rights. In this edition, we review the progress made by Afghanistan and Pakistan since their latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) at the United Nations’ (UN) Human Rights Council (HRC). Bangladesh, India and Nepal were covered in our previous edition. Similar analyses from Bhutan and Sri Lanka will follow in subsequent editions.
The SAC Online Bulletin is put together by researchers from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. It aims to be an informative update on the situation of minorities and minority rights in South Asia. Click the button below to subscribe to future editions.
SAC has been invited by the UN Special Rapporteur on Minority Issues to co-organise the 2021 edition of the Asia Pacific Regional Forum on Minority Issues, this time on the theme of Conflict prevention and the protection of human rights of minorities. The Forum will be held on 7th-8th September, 2021. (see concept note)
Participation will be open to individuals involved in minority issues in the Asia-Pacific region, with a focus and expertise on conflict prevention and minorities.
All individual participants must register online before 11 pm (CEST), 1st September, 2021 (Wednesday).
SAC, along with partners Minority Rights Group International, Article 19, FORUM-ASIA, International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) and World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT), organised a side event at the 46th session of the UN Human Rights Council, titled ‘From hate to violence: Preventing & countering hate speech against minorities in South Asia’
The event attended by diplomats, human rights NGOs and activists and the media, included discussions led by Fernand de Varennes (UN special rapporteur on minority issues), Alice Wairimu Nderitu (UN special adviser on the prevention of genocide), Haroon Baloch (digital rights researcher, Bytes For All Pakistan), Farah Mihlar (lecturer, University of Exeter) and Shakuntala Banaji (professor, London School of Economics)
The upcoming edition of SAC’s flagship annual report, South Asia State of Minorities Report, 2021, will also focus on the theme ‘anti-minority hate speech and incitement’, and is scheduled for release in September, 2021. Sign up to receive the report in your inbox upon release.
The 2020 edition of the South Asia State of Minorities Report, which focused on the theme ‘minorities and shrinking civic space’, remains available for free download.
SAC’s partner organisations would like to announce the publication of the following reports:
Civil Society & Human Rights Network (Afghanistan): Toolkit on Countering Hate Speech in Afghanistan | Bi-weekly reports on the COVID-19 pandemic | A joint call by Afghan civil society for an immediate end to attacks against human rights defenders
Law & Society Trust (Sri Lanka): Fact-finding report on the Anti-Muslim violence in the Kandy District - March 2018 | Understanding Rule of Law, Human Security and Prevention of Terrorism in Sri Lanka | Introducing State Protection for Torture Survivors in Sri Lanka | Let's talk about the vaccine: the need for strategy, clarity and equality | Designing a gender-equal constitution that empowers women | Women and micro-finance | Trade Unions and Export Processing Zone Workers: Swimming in Turbulent Waters
During the period under review, South Asia’s various minority groups continued to face violent targeting and discrimination from non-state actors and, in some cases, from state actors. Across all countries in the region, these acts have been followed by state failures to hold perpetrators to account and uphold the rule of law.
In Afghanistan, the ethnic Shia-Hazara minority faced multiple, major terrorist attacks. In Bangladesh, after a controversial visit by the Indian prime minister, Hindus faced heightened violence and targeting from far-right Islamists. In India, amidst a devastating second wave of the pandemic, the country's religious minorities —Muslims and Christians, particularly—faced a resurgence of communally motivated hate crimes and other forms of violence. Alongside, Indian states governed directly by the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) saw the rolling out of several state measures likely to further exacerbate the social and political exclusion of minorities. In Nepal, as in India, 'lower-caste' Dalits faced further social discrimination, even as families of the victims of previous violations await justice. In Pakistan, the abduction and forced conversion of minority girls continued, as did the abuse of the country's draconian blasphemy law. In Sri Lanka, even as it was pulled up yet again by the UN Human Rights Council and the European Parliament for failing to provide justice for wartime human rights abuses, the government continued with its attempts at ethnic profiling and anti-minority discrimination.
For more detailed reporting of these and many more developments, click the button below.
Since February, all South Asian countries have seen a resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The reported death toll has more than doubled in Afghanistan (to over 5,000), Pakistan (to over 22,000) and India (by far the highest, to over 400,000). It has more than tripled in Nepal (to over 9,000), and increased ten-fold in Sri Lanka (to over 3,000). And with vaccinations going slow across the region, largely due to India’s decision to halt vaccine exports to meet surging domestic demand, much of South Asia remains vulnerable to fresh surges. New and more potent variants of the virus continue to emerge.
In this edition, our researchers continue their exploration of how the pandemic has progressed in the region, and how it has disproportionately impacted marginalised minority communities.
For more detailed analysis, click the button below. (Previous updates are available here, here, here and here)
In this edition, SAC teams in Afghanistan and Pakistan report on the progress made – or lack of it – by respective countries in acting on past Universal Periodic Review (UPR) recommendations in the lead-up to the Fourth Cycle of the UPR, commencing now. Our focus is on minority rights and the freedom of religion or belief (FoRB), and broader civil and political rights, particularly as they apply to marginalised communities.
Similar analyses from Bangladesh, India and Nepal can be found in our previous bulletin, available here. Bhutan and Sri Lanka will be covered in the next edition. (Click here to subscribe)
The South Asia Collective
thesouthasiacollective.org | sac@thesouthasiacollective.org